Alexander The Great Biography
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Alexander The Great Biography
Life introduction of Alexander Alexander
Alexander's real name was Alexander III. In India, he is called Alexander. Alexander III was the king of Macedonia and the conqueror of the Persian Empire, best known for his military campaigns in his life. He conquered the whole world, so he is also called the world conqueror. And his name is also attached to the great or the great.
Education of Alexander
Alexander received his early education from his relative, The Stern Leonidas of Epirus, whom Philip appointed Alexander to teach mathematics, horse riding, and archery. But he could not handle Alexander's fierce and rebellious nature.
Then Alexander's teacher was LaSimax, who controlled Alexander's rebellious nature and taught him war.
When he was 13 years old, Philipp hired a personal teacher, Aristotle, for Alexander. Aristotle is called Aristotle in India. For the next 3 years, Aristotle taught Alexander literature and also taught eloquence, apart from this, Aristotle also brought the trend of Sikandar in the fields of science, philosophy, and medicine, and all these genres were important parts of Alexander's life over time. It has become.
Alexander the Great | Biography, Empire, Death, & Facts
Alexander and his war skills
Alexander saw his father transforming Macedonia from a normal state into a great military force. Sikandar grew up watching his father's victory over victory in the balconies.
At the age of 12, Alexander had learned horse riding very well and showed it to his father when Alexander overpowered a trained horse named Beusefellas which no one else could control. Alexander's father was tears of joy and pride. He got down from his horse and kissing his son said, "My son you should look at yourself and this great empire, the kingdom of Macedonia is very small in front of you, you have immense talent" (Alex.6.8 ) ”Alexander rode the Bussafeles in many wars of his life, and that horse remained with him until the end.
Alexander the Great
When Philip began his infiltration of Thrace by gathering his vast Macedonian army, he left his 16-year-old son Alexander to rule the Kingdom of Macedonia at a young age. Sikandar was considered to be so responsible.
As the Macedonian army began to advance into Thrace, the Thracian tribes of the Medes revolted along the northeast border of Macedonia, posing a threat to the country. Alexander assembled the army and started using it in front of the rebels, and swiftly defeated the Medi tribe, took possession of their fort, and named it Alexandroupolis after himself.
2 years later, in 338 BC, Philip gave his son the post of senior general in the army after the Macedonian army infiltrated into Greece. The Greeks were defeated in the Battle of Charonia, and Alexander, showing his bravery, ended the Greek Fours-Theban secret band. Some historians say that this Macedonian victory was entirely based on Alexander's valor.
Family disintegration and the murder of Phillip II
The royal family began to disintegrate after the defeat of the Greeks at Chaeronea. Philipp also married Coleoptera. At the wedding ceremony, Cleoptera's uncle questioned Philip's legitimate heir. Alexander threw his cup in the person's face and expressed his anger for calling him a bastard child. Philip stood up and pointed his sword at Alexander, who fell on his face as he was in a semi-conscious state. Alexander then shouted in anger, "Look, here is the man who is preparing to win from Europe to Asia, but at this time he cannot cross a table without losing his balance." After this, he took his mother along and went towards Epiris. Although he was allowed to return, Alexander remained separated from the Macedonian court for a long time after that.
Alexander's takeover
336 Alexander's sister married the King of Molossians, during which the festival of Paunias killed King Philip II. At the time of his father's death, Alexander was 19 years old and had the zeal and passion to gain power.
He collected the General and the army along with the Macedonian Army's brigade, including the army that had fought with Keronia. The army proclaimed Alexander the feudal king and helped him to assassinate the other heirs of the dynasty.
Olympia also helped her son, killing Philip and Cleoptera's daughter and forcing Coleoptera to commit suicide.
Not only did Alexander get control over the Corinthian League as the feudal king of Macedonia, but the southern states of Greece also began celebrating the death of Philip II and began a divided and free expression.
Athene also had her agenda. Under the leadership of Democratic Demosthenes, the state was expected to get the league's charge. As soon as he started an independent movement, Alexander immediately sent his army to the south and asked him to assume his leadership.
By the end of 336, the towns belonging to the Corinthian League had again made treaties with the Greek kingdoms, where Athens refused and sent its strong armies to fight against the Persian state. But before preparing for war, Alexander defeated the Thracian tribe in 335 and secured the northern border of Macedonia.
Alexander's Victory Campaign
While Alexander was nearing the end of his expedition, he received the news that the Greek state city of Thebes had driven the Macedonian army out of its fortress, fearing rebellion from other cities, Alexander marched south with his army. did.
During all these developments, Alexander's General Parnian has made his way towards Asia. Alexander and his army arrived in Thebes in such a way that the army there did not even get a chance to self-protect.
Alexander believed that by destroying Thebes, other kingdoms would also be feared, and this was proved to be true, and in doing so, other Greek cities along with Athens agreed to a treaty with the Macedonian state.
In 334 Alexander began sailing for the Asian expedition and reached Troy in the spring of that year. Alexander confronted the army of Persian King Darius III near the Genius River, defeating them badly. By the end of the fall, Alexander and his army had crossed the southern seacoast from Asia Minor and entered the Gordium, where they only rested during the winter.
In the summer of 333, there was once again a war between Alexander's army and Darius' army. However, he again won a one-sided victory for Alexander because he had more troops in his army, and Alexander captured Darius and viciously declared himself king of Persia.
Alexander's next goal was to conquer Egypt, by the siege of Gaza, Alexander easily captured Egypt. In 331 he built the city of Alexandria and made the city a center for Greek culture and trade. Alexander then defeated Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. With the defeat of the Persian Army, Alexander became King of Babylon, King of Asia, and King of all four corners of the world.
Alexander's next target was Eastern Iran, where he built a Macedonian colony and occupied 327 forts in Arimazes. After marrying Prince Oxiartes, he married Prince's daughter Rokjana.
Alexander the Great: Empire & Death
Alexander and India
In 328 Alexander defeated the army of Porus in India, but was greatly influenced by Porus's might and made his return to the king. Alexander tried to advance to the east of the Indus, but his army refused to advance and asked him to return. After recovering in 325, Alexander moved northward with his army to the Persian Gulf, at which time many people fell ill, some were injured, some died. To maintain his leadership and influence, he thought of joining the enlightened masses of Persia with the enlightened masses of Macedonia, to form a ruling class. In this sequence, in Susa, he got many people from Macedonia married to the princesses of Persia.
When Alexander appointed 10 thousand Persian soldiers into his army, he drove out many Macedonians. Due to this, a large part of the army became angry with him and he also refused to adopt Persian culture.
Alexander then pacified the anger of the Macedonian soldiers by killing 13 Persian army heroes. In this way, an event organized to sweeten the relationship between Persia and Macedonia in Susa could not be successful.
Death of Alexander
After conquering Carthage and Rome, Alexander died in Babylon due to malaria disease.
Alexander died on 13 June 323, when he was just 32 years old. A few months after his death, his wife Rokjana gave birth to a son. After his death, his empire was shattered, and the countries involved started fighting for power among themselves. The cultural coordination between the Greeks and the East had the opposite effect on Alexander's empire.
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